Dynamics of population changes in the Russian Federation from the point of view of the federal districts for 2002-2020.

Abstract

Preservation of the population on the basis of the development and implementation of programs people preservation, demographic growth, and families support is an urgent problem of our time. State regulation of population changes is aimed at increasing the birth rate, reducing mortality, increasing life expectancy, creating affordable and comfortable environment for habitation and living. The purpose of the article is a statistical study of the dynamics of population change in separate federal districts and in Russia as a whole for the period 2002-2020 due to the natural and migratory causes. To achieve the goal, such static methods as absolute and relative values, tabular and graphical methods, analytical and average indicators of the dynamics series were used. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service were used as an information source. The field of study is population economics. According to the results of the study, it was found that population in the Russian Federation for 2002-2020 increased by 0.8%, or 1207.4 thousand people, and the basic increase in comparison with 2002 became positive since 2014. During the same years of analysis, the population grew in the federal segments of the center of Russia and the southern regions. The population decreased in the North-Western, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern districts. The share of migration balance for all years and FD is less than 1% compared with the population. In the country as a whole, the balance of natural growth is always negative and migration balance is 2-5 times greater, that is, increase in the number of migrants does not cover the natural decline of the population. Only in the North Caucasus Federal District there is a natural increase in population. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that if the current trend continues, the population will not change significantly quickly. With a number of favorable factors the population will increase slightly due to migration growth.